Georgios Gennadios Scholarios - 1400s Greek scholar (new!)

Steven Avery

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Georgios Gennadios Scholarios

Gennadius Scholarius Scholarios- (1400-1473)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gennadius_Scholarius

Επιτομή κατά Εθνικων 4. XV ( p. 263 in the printed edition)

The word Επιτομη is the Greek ancestor of the English word " epitome", and means "An abridgment ( of a book) ", "a shortened version of something", " a summary", " a synopsis". -- The title κατά Εθνικών means "Against the Gentiles". So the whole phrase unequivocally means

"An abridgment (of the book) Against the Gentiles"!

Does refer to 1 John 5 :7 as follows :

"Τρεις εισιν οι μαρτυρουντες εν τωι ουρανωι, ο Πατήρ, ο Λόγος και το Πνεύμα το άγιον"
There are three that bear witness in heaven, the Father, the Word and the Holy Spirit

and that he utilizes it as a genuine and authentic verse of the New Testament! Georgios Gennadios Scholarios was the first Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople immediately after its capture by the Ottoman Turks on May 29th in the year 1453! He was renowned for his profound theological learning!

The context to which Georgios Gennahios Scholarios' reference to (and citation of) "the heavenly witnesses" verse is the following :

Πατρι δε και Υιωι συναριθμουσι και το Πνευμα το άγιον τα της θείας Γραφης ρητά ως... και εν τηι Ιωάννου πρώτηι :
"Τρεις εισιν οι μαρτυρουντες εν τωι ουρανωι, ο Πατηρ, ο Λόγος και το Πνευμα το άγιον."
( Επιτομη κατά Εθνικών 4. XV, page 263 in the printed edition)

This is courtesy of George Panayiotou, after I asked him to follow up the lead from the Orthodox Wiki :)
Superb! and Thanks!


Fuller section:
Επιτομή Κατά Εθνικών 4. XV ( page 263 in the printed edition) :Πατρι δε και Yιωι συναριθμουσι και το Πνευμα το άγιον τα της θείας Γραφης ρητά, ως [εν τωι κατά Ματθαιον, "Βαπτίζοντες αυτούς εις το όνομα του Πατρός και του Υιου και του αγίου Πνεύματος"] και εν τηι Ιωάννου πρώτηι, "Τρεις εισιν οι μαρτυρουντες εν τωι ουρανωι, ο Πατήρ, ο Λόγος και το Πνευμα το άγιον".

Translation : An abridgement of (the book) Against the Gentiles 4. XV, (p. 263 in the printed edition) : "The sayings of the divine Scripture count the holy Spirit together with the Father and the Son, as [ in Matthew : " Baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the holy Spirit"], and in John's First (sc. Letter) : " Three are those that bear witness in heaven, the Father, the Word and the holy Spirit". "

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Earlier search:

Gennadius Scholarius - (1400-1473)
https://www.purebibleforum.com/inde...iscuss-the-heavenly-witnesses.1110/#post-6808

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He has a work that Wikipedia gives the English title
A treatise, About our God, one in three, against Atheists and Polytheists
Patrologia Graeca, CLX, 667 sqq

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here we see that Scholarios was not published until after Erasmus passed
https://www.google.com/books/editio...arios”+“erasmus”&pg=PA292&printsec=frontcover

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Steven Avery

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Heavenly Witnesses
Georgios Gennadios Scholarios - 1400s Greek scholar (new!)
https://www.purebibleforum.com/inde...dios-scholarios-1400s-greek-scholar-new.1818/

This is a very strong addition to the Greek pre-Erasmus usage of the heavenly witnesses by a top Greek scholar.
Just discovered and the efforts of our friend George Panayiotou tracked down the details!

And placed on ETC, in their erratic queue.
https://evangelicaltextualcriticism.blogspot.com/2020/01/the-greek-manuscripts-of-comma.html

Their Facebook page

Also a new Greek scholar, top-notch, just discovered, and also before Erasmus, in the time period of Elijah's manuscript interest.

Georgios Gennadios Scholarios (1400-1473)
https://www.purebibleforum.com/inde...dios-scholarios-1400s-greek-scholar-new.1818/

While Bryennius and Calecas were mentioned 100 times in the literature for their pre-Erasmus Greek usage, this gentleman was simply missed.

And shows us more important Greek Orthodox acceptance of the heavenly witnesses verse even before the Reformation Bible editions.
 
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Steven Avery

Administrator
Georgios Gennadios Scholarios (1400-1473)
https://www.purebibleforum.com/inde...adios-scholarios-1400s-greek-scholar-new.1818

Joseph Bryennius (15th century, died between 1431 to 1438)
https://www.purebibleforum.com/index.php?threads/joseph-bryennius.1324/

Manuel Calecas (d. 1410)
https://www.purebibleforum.com/index.php?threads/manuel-calecas.1323/

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Euthymius Zigabenus (d. 1118)
https://www.purebibleforum.com/index.php?threads/euthymius-zigabenus.1774/

With Euthymius Zigabenus there has been debate, including ms. issues.
I will attempt to clarify.

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Steven Avery

Administrator

George​

I think, that Scholarios who by all accounts was an excellent theologian and very well-versed in the Greek text of the Scriptures would not have endorsed and included in his Epitome Thomas Aquinas' citation [ 1 John 5:7] from the latter's Summa if such a citation did not exist already in his Greek text of the N. T.

Second, it is well-known that Scholarios was a firm opponent of the Roman Catholic Church (whose bulwark Thomas Aquinas had been) ! For this reason, he staunchly opposed all efforts and movement being made at that time ostensibly to unify the Orthodox Church with the Roman Catholic Church. but actually to submit the former to the latter! This submission was demanded by the Catholic Church as a precondition for rendering military assistance to the Byzantine Greeks against the Ottomans who were threatening Constantinople! This is the second reason why Scholarios would not have accepted Thomas Aquinas' citation from the N. T. [1 John 5 :7], if that citation did not appear in his own original Greek text of the N. T. Third, as you may see in any list of Scholarios' works, he wrote several treatises on the differences between Eastern Orthodox and Western, that is Roman Catholic theology! Keeping this in mind, therefore, it is inevitable that Scholarios would not have remained silent about such a supposedly flagrant and egregious interpolation or left it uncommented upon, if he had stumbled over such a citation allegedly taken from 1JOHN 5 that was actually absent from his Greek text of the N. T.

Steven, greetings! The edition from which I quoted the text pertaining to your research a few days ago, namely Scholarios' citation , is the French edition of all the works written by Georgios Gennadios Scholarios, published by Mgr Louis Petit, X. A. Siderides and Martin Jugie : Maison de La Bonne Presse, Paris 1931. His particular work, namely the Epitome (abridgement) of Thomas Aquinas' work is to be found in vol. 5 (Tome V). I have carefully read Scholarios' Preface to his Epitome of (the book) Against the Gentiles. It is crystal clear from it that he did not make his summary directly from the Latin original text but from a translation that had been made by others! That he knew Latin himself is clear from the fact that he says that he did make some other translations of works by the same author straight from the Latin original! In the same Preface he informs the reader that his Epitome is a summary of two works by the same author, namely the one being the "Contra Gentiles" and the other being the first of a series of three theological books. He says that these books were written by a Latin author, a man who had achieved perfection in wisdom. Even without naming Thomas Aquinas expressly, he lavishly praises him regarding him a wise person worth studying and excellent interpreter and summariser of Christian theology! He further adds that he came across almost all the books written by that author, some of which, including the ones he made a summary of in his Epitome, were translated into Greek by others! He further says that he had become familiar with all that author's books in their original, Latin, language, some of which he himself (sc. Scholarios) had rendered into the Greek language!
 
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